Multiplying and Dividing Decimals by Powers of 10

Twenty-seven worksheet sets progress students from place-value tables to mental math for multiplying and dividing decimals by 10, 100, and 1000, each with a matching answer page.

Grades: Grade 5, Elementary
Pages: 25
File type: PDF
Answer key: Included

Updated Feb 08, 2025

Subject: Multiplication and Division, Math
Topic: Math, Division
Resource types: Worksheets, Worksheets & Printables
Answer key: Included

From the author

About this resource

Twenty-seven sets of worksheets guide students from multiplying and dividing whole numbers by 10, 100, and 1000 up through decimals, beginning with visual place-value tables and gradually removing the scaffolding until students shift the decimal point without support. Students who need that visual place-value foundation before removing the scaffolding can start with a decimal place value chart. Separate worksheet sets practice multiplication alone, division alone, and combined operations at each power of ten, followed by challenge sets that ask students to find a missing multiplicand, multiplier, dividend, or divisor rather than just compute an answer, and a set of word problems such as a bug that grows 1000 times its size or a cargo ship's tonnage divided among 100 containers. Later sets extend the pattern to powers of ten written with exponents rather than the numerals 10, 100, and 1000. Each individual worksheet pairs a page of problems with a matching answer page, and the accompanying guide explains how to sequence, randomize, or repeat any set for stations, homework, or substitute-teacher folders.

In the classroom

Teaching tips & learning objectives

Learning objectives

Multiply and divide decimals by 10, 100, and 1000 by shifting the decimal point.
Solve for a missing multiplicand, multiplier, dividend, or divisor in a powers-of-10 equation.
Apply powers-of-10 multiplication and division rules to word problems.
Recognize the pattern connecting the numeral form (10, 100, 1000) and exponential form of a power of ten.

Teaching tips

Start students on the place-value-table worksheets (Sets 1-3) before moving to the decimal-point-shift worksheets (Sets 4-6), following the guide's recommended progression.
Use the separate multiplication-only and division-only sets for classwork, and the combined sets for homework or a mini-test, as the guide suggests.
Save the Word Problems set and Challenge sets for early finishers or as an extension once the core skill is secure.

Skills covered

Decimal place-value shifting — students multiply and divide decimals by 10, 100, and 1000 by moving the decimal point the correct number of places.
Missing-factor problem solving — students work backward in challenge sets to find an unknown multiplicand, multiplier, dividend, or divisor.
Powers-of-10 notation — students apply the same multiply/divide rules when the power of ten is written with an exponent instead of the numeral 1000.
Word problem application — students translate real-world scenarios into a multiply-or-divide-by-a-power-of-10 calculation.

Good to know

Questions teachers ask about this resource

Why are there separate 'multiply only,' 'divide only,' and 'combined' worksheet sets for each power of ten?

This progression lets a teacher choose the right level of practice and flexibility -- separate sets for initial classwork practice, and combined sets for homework revision or a quick mini-test.

What is different about the Challenge sets compared to the regular practice sets?

Instead of computing a product or quotient, students must find a missing multiplicand, multiplier, dividend, or divisor -- and in later challenges, the power of 10 or the operation sign itself may also be missing.

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Resource details

Concepts & topics

Core concepts

Multiplying decimals by powers of 10
Dividing decimals by powers of 10
Place value
Exponents

Topics

Math Division Decimals Powers of 10 Multiply Divide Place Value Multiplication Decimal Point Worksheets

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Categories this resource belongs to

Multiplication and Division Math Worksheets Worksheets & Printables Grade 5 Elementary

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