Inverse Operations Addition and Subtraction Worksheet

Students use number triples to write related addition and subtraction facts, then create their own fact families. A completed example models the relationships.
Grades
Grades 1–2
Pages
2
File type
PDF
Preparation
Print ready

Updated Feb 21, 2024

Subject
Math, Addition, Subtraction
Topic
Inverse operations, Fact families
Preparation
Print ready
Standards
1.OA.B.4

Product description

From the author

This 2-page printable allows students to practice addition and subtraction by using inverse operations. Inverse operations are a set of two opposite operations that undo each other.

The first page has six number sets, including one worked example and five for students to complete. Students write four equations for each set: two addition and two subtraction equations. This tests their understanding of inverse operations.

The second page provides a bigger challenge, as students create their own number sets and write 4 corresponding equations. This activity pushes their conceptual knowledge further and lets teachers assess mastery of the inverse operations concept.

Teachers can implement this versatile resource in small groups, centers, partner work, homework, exit tickets, or assessments. For partner work, students can create number sets then trade papers and solve each other's problems. Checking work and discussing different solution methods deepens learning.

Learning to apply inverse operations flexibly aids development of number sense and mental math skills. This worksheet offers engaging practice towards those ends through self-checking and collaboration.

In the classroom

Teaching tips & learning objectives

Learning objectives

  • Write two addition equations and two subtraction equations from a given set of three related numbers.

  • Recognize that a fact family's addition and subtraction equations use the same three numbers in different arrangements.

  • Generate an original three-number fact family and write its four corresponding equations.

Teaching tips

  • Walk through the worked example (5, 15, 10) as a class before students begin the five remaining given triads on page 1.

  • Use page 2 as a partner activity: one student creates a number set and writes the four equations, then a partner checks the work.

  • Point out that a valid triad must let all four equations work; if a set doesn't produce four true equations, the numbers need to change.

Skills covered

  • Fact-family construction — students derive four related equations (2 addition, 2 subtraction) from a single three-number set.

  • Inverse-operation reasoning — students see that subtraction facts (15 - 10 = 5) and addition facts (10 + 5 = 15) from the same triad undo each other.

  • Two-digit addition and subtraction fluency — later triads use numbers up to 90, extending the fact-family skill beyond basic facts.

Good to know

Questions teachers ask about this resource

How does a student know their own three-number set on page 2 is valid?

A valid set is one where the largest number equals the sum of the other two — the same relationship shown in the worked example (5, 15, 10) — so all four equations come out true.

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Curriculum

Standards, concepts & topics

Standards

  • 1.OA.B.4

Core concepts

  • Fact families

  • Inverse operations

  • Addition and subtraction relationship

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